A. Introduction
Muhammad was sent as the last Prophet and Messenger, He has been
set an example for mankind in all aspects of life. In the
himself has imprinted aspects of life that are not only related to sides
ukhrowi, but also the worldly side. He is a multi person
complex, has broad insight, even though he is an ummi.
Muhammad is a figure who has the ability
creating Arab societies that originally lived in fractured conditions,
fragmented by ethnicity into a civil society
peaceful and dynamic. The cracks that existed in the Arab world at that time were frequent
causing conflict and war among them. other than that
Arab society also lives in a dictatorship, the law does not function when
the guilty was an honorable group, but otherwise the law would
function when the guilty group is weak. Their offerings
is an idol that they made themselves. Fatal again, they are
assume that his actions are a tradition passed down from generation to generation
and considered the truth. This condition was able to be changed by the Prophet
dynamic, just and godly only to Allah SWT in time
relatively short.
B. The Sirah of the Prophet and the Birth of the Islamic Society
The marriage between Abdullah and Aminah is still one
the offspring had given birth to a human who would become
The last prophets and messengers. Muhammad's name. He was born in
570 AD in Makkah, which coincides with the year of the Elephant.
Muhammad was born into a family that was materially weak, however
has an honorable position, because it comes from the Quraish tribe, tribe
who had a high class back then. His life journey is full of tests and
the trials of God Almighty. 2 months of age in the mother's womb
He was abandoned by his father, so when he was born he had become
orphan. At the age of 6 years, his mother left him, then he was taken care of
his grandfather, Abdul Muttalib, but not long after that was also left,
his grandfather died, and then his uncle was in charge, Abu Talib
which was famous for his charismatics among the Quraish.
Starting at the age of 12 years, he has accompanied his uncle to trade to
Sham. But on the way he met a Christian monk
which is named Bahira. Then he forbade Abu Talib to let
Muhammad was without guard, because he saw a prophetic sign in himself
Muhammad, and if the sign is known by the Jews it is worrying
they will kill him.
At the age of 25, he married a rich widow
and beautiful, Khadijah. This happened because of Khadija's interest in
An honest, capable Muhammad. Only at the age of 40 years after
held meditation in Hira Cave, as a result of his resisting views
the tradition of the Arab nation which was ethically and morally destroyed,
then he got a revelation.
Muhammad's prophetic and apostolic journey that carried the message
and the happiness of all mankind is not always smooth,
especially at the beginning of his prophecy in Makkah. Makkah people hate
He and his followers, they think that Muhammad is
dangerous, because it has destroyed the institution of fires which they had
wake up and practice it.
The hatred of the Arabs (Makkah) towards the Prophet and his followers
shown by his attacks both physical and non-physical.
The Arabs always used insults and insults against the Prophet and
his friends, in fact his friends often were physically abused.
The attacks of the Quraysh were getting more intense day by day, so
this period of Mecca even though there were Arabs who converted to Islam, however
quantitatively the number and development is relatively small in comparison
the next period, namely the Medina period. Because that is also the mission of the Prophet in
Makkah in spreading its teachings, the public's reception was not as warm
the people of Medina. Thus, Muhammad can only be said
as head of religion and head of government while in Medina.
Hence Muhammad's function as head of religion and head of government
could only be lived when the Prophet was in Medina. Medina society
need someone who can bridge the prolonged conflict between
ethnicity and the Prophet as the god of assistance at that time. 3
The history of the Prophet's journey above illustrates that teaching
Islam only appeared at the age of Muhammad who was 40, or rather in the year
610 A.D. In the history of the verses and letters that first came down, namely the letters
Al Alaq verses 1 - 5 on the 17th of Ramadan, and therefore this month
considered as a month full of blessings for Muslims. Since then
Muhammad received the title as a prophet and apostle.
The apostolic mission was first distributed to the immediate family.
Then to his siblings as well as to his closest friends.
Slowly, his followers increased. Which was very first
stepping his foot to convert to Islam is Abu Bakr As-Sidiq
as well as being an assistant to the Prophet in spreading Islamic teachings. Through
Abu Bakr entered Usman bin Affan into the teachings of Islam, Talhah and
Sa'd etc. Among women who first converted to Islam are
Khadijah, his own wife he loved the most. After that immediately Ali
convert to Islam, from the group of children who are about eight years old,
he is the son of Abu Talib.
These friends helped Rasulullah develop
the wings of Islamic teachings. Day after day of the Muslims
getting bigger. And those who enter the teachings are quite varied, some
comes from a weak lineage, some also come from a lineage that
so.
After three years the Prophet carried out da'wah in secret, then came down the verse of the Qur'an which commanded the Prophet to
accused openly, Allah commanded the Prophet to
conveying the teachings of Islam and ordering them to turn away from the polytheists.
From that time on, the Prophet Muhammad saw. Spreading Islam in a way
blatantly. Islam is claimed to the entire human race, though
his da'wah got a lot of resistance and resistance from the Quraish tribe
and the Arabs in general. The Prophet and his companions were often insulted, threatened,
physically attacked. But the patience of the Prophet in facing all that, precisely
giving rise to an increasing number of followers, albeit on
finally with the permission of Allah made a migration to Yasrib (Medina) as a
strategies to conquer the arrogant Arabs later on4
.
In the midst of the growing turmoil, the Quraysh insisted
growing up, the Prophet was abandoned by his beloved wife, then he was abandoned
by his uncle, Abu Talib, who during his lifetime was a major supporter
in spreading the teachings of Islam.
If we look closely at the struggle of the Prophet Muhammad SAW.
In spreading Islam so many tests from God.
He seems to have never been given the opportunity to get love from
the people he loves. Also like never given a chance
get the protection of those who probe. But if observed
carefully, this will all mean that, the Prophet Muhammad was commanded
just to concentrate himself on Allah SWT. God became
the most important protector and preserver and at the same time as a place

ask for the most perfect help.